EIGHTEENTH SUNDAY AFTER PENTECOST
22^ND SEPTEMBER 2024

OPENING SENTENCE

The Lord is near to those who call upon him.

HYMN

GREETING

Grace and peace to you from God our Father
and the Lord Jesus Christ. Amen

COLLECT FOR PURITY

Almighty God
to whom all hearts be open
all desires known
and from whom no secrets are hidden;
Cleanse the thoughts of our hearts
by the inspiration of your Holy Spirit,
that we may perfectly love you
and worthily magnify your holy name
through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.

SUMMARY OF THE LAW

Our Lord Jesus Christ said: The first commandment is this: “Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God is the only Lord. You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind and with all your strength.”

The second is this: “Love your neighbour as yourself.” There is no other commandment greater than these. Amen. Lord, have mercy.

CONFESSION

God is love and we are God’s children.
There is no room for fear in love.
We love because God loved us first.
Let us confess our sins in penitence and faith.

God our Father, we confess to you
and to our fellow members in the Body of Christ
that we have sinned in thought, word and deed,
and in what we have failed to do.
We are truly sorry.
Forgive us our sins,
and deliver us from the power of evil,
for the sake of your Son who died for us, Jesus Christ, our Lord.

ABSOLUTION

May the God of love and power
forgive you and free you from your sins,
heal and strengthen you by his Spirit
and raise you to new life in Christ our Lord. Amen.

GLORIA
sung by Sue St Joseph

COLLECT

O Lord,
let your constant compassion
cleanse and strengthen your Church:
and since, without you,
we cannot continue in safety,
May we ever be governed by your grace:
through Jesus Christ, our Lord
who lives and reigns with you,
in the unity of the Holy Spirit,
one God, world without end. Amen

FIRST READING
Jonah 3:10-4:11
read by Kate Lidwell

¹⁰When God saw what they did, how they turned from their evil ways, God changed his mind about the calamity that he had said he would bring upon them, and he did not do it.

Jonah’s Anger

4 But this was very displeasing to Jonah, and he became angry. ²He prayed to the Lord and said, “O Lord! Is not this what I said while I was still in my own country? That is why I fled to Tarshish at the beginning, for I knew that you are a gracious and merciful God, slow to anger, abounding in steadfast love, and relenting from punishment. ³And now, O Lord, please take my life from me, for it is better for me to die than to live.” ⁴And the Lord said, “Is it right for you to be angry?” ⁵Then Jonah went out of the city and sat down east of the city and made a booth for himself there. He sat under it in the shade, waiting to see what would become of the city.

⁶The Lord God appointed a bush and made it come up over Jonah, to give shade over his head, to save him from his discomfort, so Jonah was very happy about the bush. ⁷But when dawn came up the next day, God appointed a worm that attacked the bush, so that it withered. ⁸When the sun rose, God prepared a sultry east wind, and the sun beat down on the head of Jonah so that he was faint and asked that he might die. He said, “It is better for me to die than to live.”

Jonah Is Reproved

⁹But God said to Jonah, “Is it right for you to be angry about the bush?” And he said, “Yes, angry enough to die.” ¹⁰Then the Lord said, “You are concerned about the bush, for which you did not labour and which you did not grow; it came into being in a night and perished in a night. ¹¹And should I not be concerned about Nineveh, that great city, in which there are more than a hundred and twenty thousand persons who do not know their right hand from their left and also many animals?”

SECOND READING
Philippians 1:21-30
read by Mark Toner

For to me, living is Christ and dying is gain. If I am to live in the flesh, that means fruitful labour for me, yet I cannot say which I will choose. I am hard pressed between the two: my desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better, but to remain in the flesh is more necessary for you. Since I am convinced of this, I know that I will remain and continue with all of you for your progress and joy in faith, so that, by my presence again with you, your boast might abound in Christ Jesus because of me.

Only, live your life in a manner worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that, whether I come and see you or am absent and hear about you, I will know that you are standing firm in one spirit, striving side by side with one mind for the faith of the gospel and in no way frightened by those opposing you. For them, this is evidence of their destruction but of your salvation. And this is God’s doing. For he has graciously granted you the privilege not only of believing in Christ but of suffering for him as well, since you are having the same struggle that you saw I had and now hear that I still have.

HYMN

GOSPEL READING
MATTHEW 20:1-16
read by Reverend Janice Aiton

Hear the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ according to St Matthew chapter 20 beginning at verse 1

Glory to Christ our Saviour.

The Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard

“For the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner who went out early in the morning to hire workers for his vineyard. He agreed to pay them a denarius for the day and sent them into his vineyard.

“About nine in the morning he went out and saw others standing in the marketplace doing nothing. He told them, ‘You also go and work in my vineyard, and I will pay you whatever is right.’ So they went.

“He went out again about noon and about three in the afternoon and did the same thing. About five in the afternoon he went out and found still others standing around. He asked them, ‘Why have you been standing here all day long doing nothing?’

“‘Because no one has hired us,’ they answered.

“He said to them, ‘You also go and work in my vineyard.’

“When evening came, the owner of the vineyard said to his foreman, ‘Call the workers and pay them their wages, beginning with the last ones hired and going on to the first.’

“The workers who were hired about five in the afternoon came and each received a denarius. So when those came who were hired first, they expected to receive more. But each one of them also received a denarius. When they received it, they began to grumble against the landowner. ‘These who were hired last worked only one hour,’ they said, ‘and you have made them equal to us who have borne the burden of the work and the heat of the day.’

“But he answered one of them, ‘I am not being unfair to you, friend. Didn’t you agree to work for a denarius? Take your pay and go. I want to give the one who was hired last the same as I gave you. Don’t I have the right to do what I want with my own money? Or are you envious because I am generous? “So, the last will be first, and the first will be last.”

Give thanks to the Lord for his glorious gospel
Praise to Christ our Lord.

SERMON

Already the Prime Minister is talking about our October Budget and preparing us for some hard decisions that lie ahead. Economics is at the heart of governance. Today our Gospel Reading focuses on economics; a different kind of economics from the fiscal budget due next month-it is heavenly economics! Heavenly economics is at the heart of God’s governance.

Our Gospel story opens with earthly economics. It points out that many are out of work and seeking employment. Not only are they seeking employment, but they are desperate for work. They are like many in Dumfries today worrying about how they will pay the bills and make ends meet. They are anxious about where they will find the where-with-all to feed the family; how will they keep a roof over their heads and how will they stay out of debt.

Jesus’ surprise dealings with the unemployed farmers in Scripture reveals heavenly economics, which is quite different from our earthly economics. Heavenly economics is based solely on generosity and grace.

It was the harvest time of the year. At 7 .00am a wealthy landowner went to the Town Square to hire labourers. Imagine first the scene with the workers- it’s at a crossroads on the edge of a town. Men are gathered at the side of the road. Some of them are lying down under the trees to escape the blazing sun. But most are standing in the open. What are they doing there? They are waiting; waiting for some landowner to come along and hire them for the day. Some have been there since sunrise. Some had even been there overnight. They desperately wanted to work.

They are totally exposed. They are on display. Many eyes scan them-indifferent eyes, curious eyes, and hostile eyes! Their value depends on what people want from them. They have no value in themselves. They will settle for the minimum wage. It is already eleven o’ clock in the morning and a look of dejection is beginning to settle on their furrowed faces. The day is wearing on and hope is fading fast. Then, about noon, the wealthy landowner came back into town and hired more workers. Still, some were left-they wanted to work but nobody had hired them- they felt rejected, useless, hopeless, and they knew that would probably go home empty-handed. They would disappoint their family-there would be little food for folks, if any, that night!

Despair sets in. The idea that the wealthy landowner would take these men on at the eleventh hour was unthinkable. Yet this is exactly what the owner of the vineyard did. Toward the end of the day, he still needed more men. Perhaps this was a harvest of grapes that had to be brought in before the rains began. So, at 5.00pm the landowner went back into town and hired more labourers.

The trouble began at quitting time. The workers who were hired at five o’clock and worked for only one hour in the cool of the evening were paid one silver coin. The workers who had worked all day in the hot sun looked on in amazement. They began to think that if these workers, who had worked only one hour got that much then certainly they would receive more, after all they worked all day. They were in for a disappointment. In fact, they were outraged for they received the same amount as those who worked only one hour, one silver coin. How dare the landowner pay them the same amount as those who had worked fewer hours! They felt cheated. It wasn’t fair!

It wasn’t fair! But heavenly economics are different- they are not necessarily about what is fair but about what is right and helpful. Jesus did what was right and helpful. The workers in the vineyard expressed their outrage to the owner of the vineyard. “These last worked only one hour,” they said, “and you have made them equal to us who have borne the burden of the day and the scorching heat.” They really laid it on thick.

Their reaction took the landowner somewhat by surprise. In his mind he had done nothing wrong. He promised them one day’s wages for one day’s work. He paid them what he had promised. “Friend,” the landowner replied to one of the disgruntled workers, “I am doing you no wrong; did you not agree with me for the usual daily wage?” It was true, of course. They got paid what was promised. The landowner did not cheat them in any way. He did no wrong. Then he asks them an interesting question, “Am I not allowed to do what I choose with what belongs to me?” Can I not be generous? Jesus knew how much money was needed to feed a family and so he gave generously. With this story Jesus turns our whole economic and value systems upside down. This story highlights God’s generosity and grace.

God’s grace is gift. This parable reminds us that no matter how hard we try, we never deserve God’s grace – it is a free gift. It doesn’t matter how long or hard we work. It doesn’t matter how pious our demeanour. We cannot earn God’s love and acceptance. It is poured out freely on us all. Many of us wish it were not so. We might as well face it. Many of us who have served Christ for a number of years would like some kind of bonus. It doesn’t seem fair, that people can waltz in at the last minute and claim the same benefits as those who have laboured for decades? It’s not fair!

God is fair! His grace is a gift- a pure unmerited gift! This comes through clearly in the following story-A man dies and goes to heaven. Of course, St. Peter meets him at the Pearly Gates. St. Peter says, “Here’s how it works. You need 100 points to make it into heaven. You tell me all the good things you’ve done, and I give you a certain number of points for each item, depending on how good it was. When you reach 100 points, you get in.” Okay, ” the man says, “I was married to the same women for 50 years and never cheated on her, even in my heart.” That’s wonderful,” says St. Peter, “that’s worth three points.” Three points?” He says. “Well, I attended church all my life and supported its ministry with my tithe and service.” Terrific!” say’s St. Peter. “That’s certainly worth a point.” “One point? Well I started a soup kitchen in my city and worked in a shelter for homeless veterans.” Fantastic, that’s good for two more points,” he says. “Two points!” The man cries. “At this rate the only way to get into heaven is by the grace of God!” St. Peter smiled. “There’s your 100 points! Come on in!”

Grace and generosity are at the heart of heavenly economics. The key to understanding this parable is contained in the phrase, ‘Are you envious because I am generous?’ The story is not about fairness and justice. It’s about generosity, but not ordinary generosity. It’s about a generosity unlike anything we have ever known. It’s about the generosity of God.

The generosity of God is a great comfort to us but also a great challenge because we are called to imitate God. As a Christian, grace and generosity should be at the heart of our economics!

We see this grace and generosity at work in the following story. Earlier this year on the news there was a story about an African-American man whose house had been newly painted. Within days someone had spray-painted graffiti all over it. Who would have done something like this in his neighbourhood, he wondered? He was angry and rightly so. At first he thought it was racially motivated. Someone did not like him living in their neighbourhood. He asked around hoping to find out who had spoiled his house. He found that the graffiti was painted by an eleven-year-old boy. It was nothing more than a childhood prank. What would you do if you discovered your newly-painted house covered with graffiti? Suppose the culprit was an eleven-year-old boy? Would the police be called? Would you at least want to talk to the boy’s parents? Would there be a lawsuit ” after all somebody would have to pay for the damage? What would you do in that situation? The man who was wronged could have made a big issue out of it. Instead, he decided to get to know the boy better. He was unsure of what would happen, but he was willing to try.

Thus, a black man and a young white boy soon became friends. Instead of taking the boy and his parents to court, he decided to teach the boy about computers. The news showed the young boy sitting at the computer in the man’s house he had earlier spray-painted. The reporter asked him about the graffiti. The boy told the reporter that he was sorry for what he had done. He did not know why he had done it. “Mr. Stephens and I are friends now,” he told the reporter. “He has taught me computers.” That is somewhat of a surprise ending, isn’t it? You might have expected to see the young boy scrubbing the graffiti off the man’s house or giving the house a new coat of paint. You might have expected his parents to ground him for a month for his offense. But you would have never expected to see him in the man’s den working on his computer. That is God’s grace and generosity at work.

God’s generosity gives and gives and gives and gives-we are to give and give too. Giving in dozens of ways! We have all valued the generosity of someone’s time, the gift that is involved when someone listens intently, the phone call to check how things are, e-mail, cards, notes of encouragement and support, the loan of books- the television ad gives us the nudge- ‘I saw this and thought of you.’ Being generous in so many varied ways is practising heavenly economics. After all, all we have is gift!

It is a gift given generously to us from God. God is generous and gracious! Our God is the God of heavenly economics – the heavenly economics of grace and generosity-may we follow in his ways and mirror in our lives his grace and generosity! Amen.

NICENE CREED

We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty
maker of heaven and earth,
of all that is, seen and unseen.
We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ,
the only Son of God,
eternally begotten of the Father,
God from God, Light from Light,
true God from true God,
begotten, not made,
of one substance with the Father.
Through him all things were made.
For us and for our salvation
he came down from heaven;
by the power of the Holy Spirit
he became incarnate of the Virgin Mary,
and was made man.
For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate;
he suffered death and was buried.
On the third day he rose again
in accordance with the Scriptures;
he ascended into heaven
and is seated at the right hand of the Father.
He will come again in glory
to judge the living and the dead,
and his kingdom will have no end.
We believe in the Holy Spirit,
the Lord, the giver of life,
who proceeds from the Father.
With the Father and the Son,
he is worshipped and glorified.
He has spoken through the Prophets.
We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church.
We acknowledge one baptism
for the forgiveness of sins.
We look for the resurrection of the dead,
and the life of the world to come. Amen.

Heavenly Father as you taught us,
through Jesus, we come to you in prayer.

Generous God, protect us from the danger of greed,
of being self- centred and egoistical.
Help us to appreciate more the gifts we have,
and to share willingly and generously with others.